The scarlet 'i'iwi (ee-EE-vee) is one of the most beautiful birds in Hawai'i. It uses its long, sickle-shaped beak to probe for nectar in native lobeliad flowers and 'ohi'a blossoms. It also feeds on insects and larvae.

'I'iwi usually breed from February to September. Clutches of one to three whitish eggs with dark brown markings are laid in cup-shaped nests. The eggs hatch after 14 days. The newly hatched chicks have bright orange skin, with patches of soft down on their head and wings. After three weeks, the fledglings grow speckled yellow-green feathers and can fly with ease! The red adult plummage will gradually appear first on the breast, then head.

The 'i'iwi was valued by Hawaiians for its orange-red feathers, which were used to make feather capes, helmets and other symbols of Hawaiian royalty. Bird catchers would venture into the forest, looking for trees with blossoms to attract hungry 'i'iwi. Sticky sap was smeared on the branches of select trees. Sometimes the bird catcher would imitate a bird's song, or recite a special chant to lure more birds. An 'i'iwi that landed on the sap would be held fast in the sticky trap!